Mapaipi oletsa{{0}zitsulo zowononga dzimbiri ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pamakampani amakono komanso zomangamanga. Ubwino wa mapangidwe awo amatsimikizira mwachindunji moyo wawo wautumiki ndi chitetezo. Pamene zofunikira zolimbana ndi dzimbiri pamapaipi amafuta, gasi, mankhwala, ndi mainjiniya akumatauni zikuchulukirachulukira, ukadaulo wopanga mapaipi oletsa kuwononga -mapaipi achitsulo akupitilirabe. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za mmene amapangira ma mapaipi oletsa kuwononga{{5}zitsulo za corrosion, ndikupereka kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane momwe kamangidwe kameneka kapangidwira kuyambira pa mfundo zofunika kwambiri zaukadaulo.
I. Basic Forming Principles of Anti{1}}corrosion Steel Pipes
Mapaipi oletsa-zitsulo zowononga dzimbiri amakhala ndi chitoliro chachitsulo chokhazikika chomwe chimakutidwa ndi gawo limodzi kapena zingapo za anti-zowononga dzimbiri kudzera m'njira inayake, kupanga gulu la "base material + anti{3}}losanjikiza" Cholinga chachikulu cha ndondomekoyi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chitoliro chachitsulo chimayendera bwino (monga kukanikiza ndi kukana mphamvu) ndikuwongolera ndendende kumamatira, kulimba, kufanana, ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala a anti-osanjikiza dzimbiri kuti atetezedwe kwanthawi yayitali-chitoliro m'malo ovuta (monga chinyezi chambiri, asidi amphamvu, kutsitsi, mchere, ndi mchere).
Kapangidwe ka chitoliro chachitsulo nthawi zambiri kumadalira "kugudubuzika + kuwotcherera"{1}}chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala chotentha-chogudubuza kapena chozizira{3}}chimakulungidwa mu chubu chopanda kanthu, chomwe chimawotchedwa kapena kumiza{4}}arc kuti chikhale chitoliro chosalekeza. Ukadaulo wothana ndi-ndi zotchingira dzimbiri zimakhazikika pamaziko amenewa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chitoliro chachitsulo chisachite dzimbiri pokonza pamwamba, zokutira, kapena zokutira.
II. Kufotokozera Mwatsatanetsatane Njira Zopangira Zoyambira
1. Base Pipe Pretreatment: Kuyeretsa ndi Kujambula
Kulimba kwa mgwirizano pakati pa -zosanjikiza zowononga dzimbiri ndi chitoliro chachitsulo zimadalira ukhondo ndi kukhwimitsa kwa paipi yoyambira. Ngati mafuta otsala, dzimbiri, kapena sikelo zitsalira pamwamba, zoletsa -zidzimbiri sizigwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zimadzetsa mavuto monga kuphulika ndi kusenda. Choncho, pretreatment ndi sitepe yoyamba yovuta pakupanga.
Zochita zinazake zikuphatikizapo:
Kuchotsa dzimbiri pamakina: Zida zophulitsira kuwombera kapena kuphulitsa mchenga zimagwiritsa ntchito-kuwombera chitsulo chothamanga kwambiri kapena mchenga wa quartz kuti zisokoneze paipi yachitsulo, kuchotsa sikelo ndi kupanga malo ofukula ofanana (amene amafuna chizindikiro cha nangula kuzama kwa 40-100μm).
Kuyeretsa mankhwala: Zosungunulira za organic (monga acetone) kapena asidi-zosakaniza zoyambira (monga phosphoric acid) zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa mafuta otsala ndi dzimbiri laling'ono, kuwonetsetsa kuti pamwamba pake mulibe zowononga zowoneka.
Kuyanika: Mpweya wotentha kapena kuyanika kwa infrared kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera chinyezi chapaipi yachitsulo pamlingo wotsika kwambiri (chinyezi).<5%) to prevent bubbles during subsequent coating.
2. Anti-kupanga kusanjikiza kwa dzimbiri: kufananiza njira zazikuluzikulu
Kutengera ndi mtundu wa anti-zinthu zowononga dzimbiri ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito, kupanga mapaipi oletsa{1}}paipi achitsulo akhoza kugawidwa m'njira zitatu zazikulu:
(1) Three-layer polyethylene (3PE) anti-corrosion - njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri
3PE anti-kudzimbiri ndi gulu la "fusion bonded epoxy powder (FBE) pansi wosanjikiza + zomatira pakati + wosanjikiza wa polyethylene wakunja". Zimaphatikiza kumatirira kwakukulu kwa ufa wa epoxy ndi kukana kwamphamvu kwachilengedwe kwa polyethylene, ndipo ndi koyenera kumadera ovuta monga mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi okwiriridwa. Njira yakuumba ili motere:
Kupaka poyambira: Ipoperani pamagetsi ufa wosakanikirana wa epoxy (kukula kwa tinthu Kuchepera kapena kofanana ndi 150 μm) mofanana pamwamba-paipi yachitsulo yothiridwapo kale, ndiyeno kusungunula ndi kulimba pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa madigiri 200-230 kuti mupange chowundana cha epoxy wosanjikiza pafupifupi 50-100 μm;
Kupaka kwapakati: Zomatira (monga kusinthidwa polyethylene copolymer) zimatenthedwa kumtunda wosungunuka (pafupifupi 250 digiri) ndi extruder, ndiyeno zimakutidwa mofanana kunja kwa epoxy wosanjikiza kupyolera mu nkhungu, ndi makulidwe a 170-250 μm;
Extruder yakunja: High-density polyethylene (HDPE) imasungunukanso ndi kuphimbidwa kudzera pa extruder kuti apange wosanjikiza wakunja woteteza wokhala ndi makulidwe a 1.8-3.7 mm (kusamva kuwala kwa ultraviolet ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina).
(2) Epoxy coal tar anti-corrosion - oyenera mapaipi ang'onoang'ono ndi ang'onoang'ono{3}}a kukula kwake
Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito utomoni wa epoxy ndi phula la malasha monga zinthu zazikulu zopangira, ndipo zimapanga anti{0}}nsanjiri ya dzimbiri pamwamba pa chitoliro chachitsulo popukuta kapena kuviika. Makhalidwe ake ndi otsika mtengo, koma amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha kwa chilengedwe (ayenera kukhala oposa 5 digiri ) ndi chinyezi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka madzi ndi mipope yotulutsa madzi kapena ntchito zosakhalitsa.
(3) Kuyika matope a simenti - njira yowonjezera pazochitika zapadera
Pamapaipi otsika{{0}amene amanyamula zinthu zosawononga-zosawononga (monga madzi akumwa), njira yopoperapo mankhwala ya centrifugal ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kumatirira matope a simenti (madzi-chiyerekezo cha simenti 0.4-0.5) ku khoma lamkati la chitoliro kuti apange chinsalu chachitsulo chokhala ndi makulidwe a {0{7} 10{7} 10{7} Njirayi ndi yotsika mtengo komanso yosavala, koma imakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi dzimbiri.
3. Tumizani-Kukonza ndi Kuyesa: Kuonetsetsa Kuti Mapangidwe Abwino
Ikapangidwa, anti{0}}anticorrosion coating's imayendetsedwa mokhazikika:
Kuyesa Makulidwe: Yesani makulidwe a wosanjikiza uliwonse pogwiritsa ntchito choyezera makulidwe a maginito kapena a ultrasonic (mwachitsanzo, kwa 3PE anti-kutchingira kwa dzimbiri, wosanjikiza wa epoxy uyenera kukhala Wokulirapo kapena wofanana ndi 80μm, ndipo wosanjikiza wa polyethylene uyenera kukhala Wokulirapo kapena wofanana ndi 2mm).
Mayeso a Adhesion: Tsimikizirani mphamvu ya chomangira pakati pa -zomatira zowonongeka ndi chitoliro chachitsulo pogwiritsa ntchito njira yopingasa-yotsekera kapena yokoka-(yomwe imafuna Kuposa kapena kofanana ndi 5MPa).
Electric Spark Detection: Jambulani pamwamba pa anti-corrosion coating with high-frequency, high-voltage probe kuti mudziwe mapinje kapena kuwonongeka (leak point voltage>=25kV).
Kuyang'anira Mawonekedwe: Tsimikizirani kusakhalapo kwa zolakwika monga ming'alu, ming'alu, ndi ma sags, kuwonetsetsa kuti pamwamba ndi yosalala.
III. Process Innovation ndi Future Trends
Chifukwa chakuchulukirachulukira kwa kuchuluka kwa ntchito zamafakitale, njira yopangira dzimbiri-mapaipi achitsulo osagwira ntchito ikupita patsogolo kwambiri, luso laukadaulo, komanso kusunga chilengedwe:
Kulimbikitsa zopangiratu: Mizere yopitirizabe kupanga imaphatikiza "kugudubuza mapaipi achitsulo, kuyeretsa, ndi zotchingira-zopaka dzimbiri," kufupikitsa kapangidwe kazinthu ndikuwongolera kusasinthasintha;
Kupanga zida zatsopano zolimbana ndi-zowononga dzimbiri: Mapulogalamu monga nano-modified epoxy powder ndi graphene-polyethylene yokonzedwa bwino imakulitsa moyo wa dzimbiri (mpaka zaka 50 kapena kuposerapo);
Kufufuza njira zobiriwira: Kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira (monga kusintha zosungunulira zachikhalidwe-zomatira ndi madzi{{3}zopaka epoxy coatings) kumachepetsa kutulutsa kwa VOC.
Mapeto
Kapangidwe ka dzimbiri-mapaipi achitsulo osagwira ntchito ndi chimaliziro cha mphambano ya sayansi ya zinthu, kupanga makina, ndi engineering ya mankhwala. Kuchokera pa pretreatment ya base pipe mpaka kugwiritsa ntchito anti-corrosion coating, sitepe iriyonse imafuna kuwongolera mosamala magawo ndi zambiri. Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaumisiri, kuwononga dzimbiri m'tsogolo-mapaipi achitsulo osagwira ntchito sikungokwaniritsa zofunikira kuti zisawonongeke komanso kupititsa patsogolo luso lowunika mwanzeru (monga zomangidwa-zopanga dzimbiri) ndi kapangidwe kopepuka, zomwe zimapatsa chithandizo chodalirika pomanga zomangamanga padziko lonse lapansi.
